by Emilio Giuliana
Mr. Francesco Filippi, for some time he has risen to the honor of local and national news for having published a book with which he claims to shed light on false beliefs regarding the actions of the fascist monarchic government, which would produce “good things”, beliefs that he defines and dismisses as hoaxes, disproved and supported by his research, “starting from legislative sources”.
First of all, in this regard Mr. Filippi is not at all original, as from 1945 to date, there were many, many historians and friends of high finance who have unsuccessfully discredited the fascist monarchic government, making up only barbine figures, causes ignorance and intellectual dishonestness. In the first case - ignorance- I propose Mark Twain's thoughts again: it is easier to deceive people than to convince them that they have been deceived; in the second - intellectual dishonesty- the conviction of Antonio Gramsci: A lie in the mouth of a communist is a revolutionary truth.
In both cases, What emerges is an approach devoid of any virtue.
The "historian" of Levico, he has to deal with an excellent historian of Fascism, the Jewish communist Renzo De Felice, distorting and manipulating reality; ours dismisses the issue as a misunderstanding. And as well, De Felice was very clear, this can be understood without the possibility of confusion in the following quote: everything said and written about fascism and resistance is false because the political left has hidden many truths, many crimes, so many partisan shames.
Mr Filippi, how can it deny the certificates of merit towards fascism expressed by the communist Jew Margherita Hack. “Today we dream of what fascism achieved in the social field. It wasn't just about the trains running on time. Family allowances for dependent children, scholarships to give opportunities even to the less well-off, land reclamation, social housing. This is because only ten years earlier Mussolini was actually a Marxist and maximalist Socialist who brought with him the sense of social, of the people”. “I will tell you - Hack continues - fascism modernized the country. It remains a dictatorship, but also an expression of Italianness. A less ideological analysis should be done on this”. March 2013 Barricades
Andrea Camilleri: Io, under fascism, I was freer than you are now – Rome Festival 2010
Carlo Lizzani: under fascism culture did not suffer cuts, Indeed, it was made the most of by the regime, sometimes with truly extraordinary results. Just think of the Venice Film Festival and also the current Experimental Cinematography Center. The equation fascism equals reaction is wrong because it suggests an impossibility of recovery and instead the processes set in motion by fascism were also of modernization. For us kids, the doors of publications like Primato opened, with Bottai and other hierarchs who offered young people the opportunity to write for the main magazines. The Experimental Cinematography Center, a fascist invention, screened Soviet films. We felt promoted like no other generation before us. The watchwords were "make way for the young" and "we will bury the bourgeoisie", while our fathers came from gerontocratic societies, blocked. The Littoriali were large youth competitions that gave 18-year-olds the opportunity to travel, leave the house, feel autonomous with respect to the family and bourgeois standards".

Alcide Degasperi: Il fascismo fu sugli inizi un impeto di reazione all’internazionalismo comunista che negava la libertà della Nazione (…). Noi non condividiamo il parere di coloro i quali intendono condannare ogni azione fascista sotto la generica condanna della violenza. There are situations in which violence, even if it takes the appearance of aggression, it is actually defensive violence, that is, legitimate – The New Trentino of 7 April 1921
Enzo Biagi: Mussolini was a giant; I consider his political career a masterpiece. If he had not ventured into the war alongside Hitler, he would have died praised in his bed. The Italian people were satisfied to be governed by him: a sincere consensus.
Gaetano Salvemini, anti-fascist, he wrote: <Italy has become the Mecca of political science scholars, of economists, of sociologists, who flock there to see with their own eyes how the fascist corporate state is organized and how it works (…)>.
Franklin Delano Roosevelt: Mussolini must go down in history as the builder of a better form of coexistence between peoples.
Winston Churchill: Thus ended the twenty-one years of Mussolini's dictatorship in Italy during which he had saved the Italian people from Bolshevism to bring them to a position in Europe that Italy had never had before... The great roads that he traced will remain a monument to his personal prestige and his long government.
According to Mr. Filippi, the positive feedback that still survives today of fascism, is motivated and justified "because" of the propaganda carried out by the fascist monarchic government through the control of radio broadcasts and the printed paper. So, we are faced with a case of hypertrophic confusional state. Dal 1945 al 2019 have passed 74 years, seven and a half decades than scholastically, in the media – Filippi is confirmation of this- not a day goes by without anti-fascist propaganda. Today the mainstreams are under a hegemonic capital-communist Masonic control.
Our sarcastic historian is sarcastic, “When He was there the trains ran on time”! Certainly, they may have arrived late - but a historian knows how railways work?!- but Treccani (http://www.treccani.it/enciclopedia/le-grandi-infrastrutture-il-sistema-delle-ferrovie-e-delle-autostrade_(Il-Contributo-italiano-alla-storia-del-Pensiero:-Technique)/), under Railways it reports the following.
Railways and fascism
<<Fascism gave a considerable push towards the transformation of the railway system. One of the first measures desired by Benito Mussolini in the railway sector consisted in the appointment of an extraordinary commissioner for the company with the clear aim of restoring its heavily loss-making budgets and completely reorganizing the service.. Fascism's first approach to the problems of state bureaucracy took place behind the slogan 'make room for skills' accompanied by a strong anti-bureaucratic polemic; thus the criterion of thinning out and downsizing the state apparatus accused of 'bureaucratic elephantiasis' prevailed.
Between the 1922 and the 1923 fascism also implemented a renewal of management based on productivist and efficiency criteria, in the name of that 'bureaucracy of the figure' which should have transformed the Italian administrative system. Ma, actually, the Mussolini regime aimed above all at a politicization of the public sector at every level, Overall a failed attempt, just as the effort to modernize and rationalize working methods fundamentally failed. Within two years, between 1922 and the 1924, the staff was reduced by 226.000 a 174.000 unit. The mass layoffs occurred based on an efficiency need, which in reality covered the desire to remove many possible opponents of the regime. The reform efforts made the management of the rail service more financially sound. The technocratic project of fascism gave technicians and engineers in particular renewed political and social credibility, enhancing its functions and role. The adoption by the Railways fits into this perspective, who welcomed them among the first, of Taylorist techniques in offices, that is, scientific management coming from overseas, which represented the most advanced frontier of organizational theories in a rationalizing key.
Good results were also obtained with the second electrification cycle, opened in 1922 and which led to an endowment, within six years, Of 2799 km, which allowed Italy at the time to occupy the highest position in Europe. The crisis of 1929 it heavily influenced electrification programs, without blocking them: In the 1939 ben 5160 km will be electrified, il 44% of which with the three-phase system.
Overall, the image that our country was able to offer abroad during the fascist era was, on the railway side, of great vitality and good administration. The regime, of the rest, he bet his cards with conviction on the railways, considering them an indispensable showcase capable of conveying a vision of functioning fascism. The policy followed in recent years aimed at improvement, within the limits of available resources, fixed plants and rolling stock to ensure long-distance transport as a priority. In the 1927 The Rome-Naples Direct Route was inaugurated, which reduced by 34 km the existing route; seven years after Bologna-Florence, with the longest double track tunnel. The degree of modernity and efficiency achieved by the Italian railways on the eve of the Second World War could be considered definitive, despite the flaws that still exist, completely appreciable.
Technological innovation in the traction sector
In the field of traction, between 1920 and the 1940, steam still dominated the Italian railway landscape, but the technicians were now oriented towards three-phase electricity, awaiting the definitive application of the continuous one. The main fruit of Italian design in this era was the E550 group initially built in 186 unit, which represented one of the spearheads on a European scale at the time. From that moment, the commitment of railway design, managed internally within the company, was pushed decisively in the direction of electric traction, to which new potential was also assigned in terms of speed.
The standard-bearer of Italian railway speed was the Etr electric electromotive 200, the first six examples of which were built in 1936. They reached the 160 km/h and were initially used especially along the newly opened Direttissima, where on trial they touched the 203 km/h. The new electric train represented the technological peak and the legitimate pride of the Italian technicians of the time. It was about, Indeed, of a very advanced product, released by the Research Office of the Material and Traction Service of the State Railways and created by Breda. The introduction of shock absorbers on the engine trolley and the great flexibility of the secondary suspension, together with the long wheelbase and hollow axle transmission, were one of the reasons for the success achieved. The first Italian electric train was made up of three cars: two were reserved for travellers, while all the auxiliary services were concentrated in the third, from the trunk to the post office, to the kitchen and wardrobes.
Il 6 December 1937 an Etr electric train 200 during a demonstration run it reached the maximum speed of 201 km/h on the Rome-Naples route; two years later, il 20 July 1939, on the Florence-Milan route, the same train achieved the world record for commercial railway speed: i 316 km that separate the two cities were in fact covered in 115 minutes at a speed of 165 km/h on average. In particular, they were only necessary 38 minutes to cover the stretch between Florence and Bologna at an average speed of 154 km/h; e 77 minutes between Bologna and Milan at an average speed of 171 km/h with a maximum peak of 203 km/h. The world speed record – unmatched at the time by any motor vehicle – had a huge impact throughout the world..
The other great success of Italian railway design was the Littorina, a light railcar built in 1932 from Fiat which, as well as immediately achieving resounding success, still offers one of the most classic images of autarchic Italy today. The new railcars, that they had 48 padded seating in one large room, they reached the 115 km/h, revolutionizing service on secondary lines.
The 'popular trains'
At the beginning of the thirties, both as a result of the global economic crisis, and due to the growing competition from cars, the State Railways recorded a sharp decline in passenger traffic; at the same time there was an equally intense decline in the arrivals of foreign tourists. It was in this framework that, in the spring of 1931, the Ministry of Communications embarked on a policy based on the granting of special discounts for particular tourist destinations. It was precisely the orientation of the regime aimed at guaranteeing broad consensus that gave rise to the establishment of convoys 'at very low prices', as they were called.
In August of 1931 thus the first 'popular trains' were inaugurated, extraordinary third class only, with a discount of up to 80% on the ordinary rate, destined to reach climatic locations, seaside or of historical and artistic interest. They allowed the first affirmation of mass tourism in Italy, allowing thousands of people to reach holiday resorts and board a train for the first time. However, they affected a limited part of the population, the one who lived in big cities and worked in factories and offices>>.
The railway works completed in the African territories of the Italian empire must be added
The above confirms Margherita Hack's thoughts.
Mr Filippi, also in this case the laughable clichés are overcome by the facts, from documentary sources, which you obviously don't know, even if they are elementary and easy to find, which he prefers to make up for with his personal short-sighted ideological prejudice.
But speaking of sources, you will certainly have missed the measures in the social field, cultural, agrarian, infrastructural that in 20 years of government the Fascist doctrine has implemented.
The following is a “fragmentary and incomplete” list, but significant, of some laws, reforms and works that were carried out by Fascism and which changed the face of Italian society.
Those reported below are measures conceived and implemented by the fascist regime. Before his advent these measures were either just sketchy or, however, never transformed into laws, or even non-existent not only in Italy, but also in Europe and other continents. In other words, to be more clear, fascist Italy in the social field, and not just social, was at the forefront in the world, ready to supply, once again, to the whole world, a new RENAISSANCE, THE RENAISSANCE OF WORK.
“Protection of work for women and children”, law promulgated on 26.4.1923, Royal Decree No. 653: <It is one of the first social laws of Fascism: was born only six months after the March on Rome of 22 October 1922, and it is a clear indicator of what will be the social policy of the future years of the regime. In previous years and centuries neither the Church, nor the bourgeoisie, nor had the socialists and trade unions managed to improve and humanize the condition of women and children, who were forced to work in factories, in the mines or as laborers in the countryside>.
“Hospital care for the poor”, law promulgated on 30.12.23, Royal Decree No. 2841.
<This law transforms the charitable discretion of charities into a right to free treatment, mostly religious, which until then had affected the life or death of people who did not have their own means to access hospital care>.
“Disability and Old Age Insurance”. Law promulgated on 30.12.1923, Royal Decree No. 3184.
<The law decrees the right to a disability and old-age pension through compulsory insurance, the payment of which both workers and employers contribute to. The work, fundamental component of the new fascist state, it is a duty (other than "right", how we chatter today) for every citizen, but which redeems him from that position of servitude in which the liberal state had placed the worker, to bring him into a position of freedom and dignity that invests him as a man, and not just as a worker, and for this reason it ensures him the certainty of livelihood at the end of a working career>. Before fascism they were optional and only in some rare cases.
“School Reform (Gentile)”. R.D.L. n° 1054 of the 6.5.1923.
<The desire for modernization, which has pervaded the fascist movement since its origins, pushes the new government to plan the creation of a large and prepared ruling class, capable of supporting a vast national development plan: objective, This, not achievable without a modern school, rational, dynamics, productive and accessible to all>.
“Reduction of working hours a 8 hours per day", R.D.L. n° 1955 of the 10.9.1923
<Before Fascism almost everything was left to the discretion of the employer, that often, with the psychological blackmail of unemployment, it forced workers to work exhausting hours and work in unhealthy and unsafe working environments>.
It is easily understandable as this series of social laws, while on the one hand they protected workers from exploitation, on the other they damaged industrialists, big capital, speculators: and these became the opponents of the regime. However, the path undertaken by Fascism will not stop until the world's plutocratic powers unite to overthrow a regime that was becoming, to be, dangerous.
“Royal Academy of Italy”, RDL n° 87 of the 7.1.1926.
<As part of the project to revive the nation from that spirit of resigned subjection and cultural provincialism that had characterized centuries of history before and after unity, the "Academy of Italy" was founded with the aim of giving prestige and dignity to Italian ingenuity and art>. The Academy was then suppressed, with Lieutenant Decree of 28.9.1944, only because it was a creation of Fascism. <After the defeat and with the advent of the resistance Republic, servility and provincialism flourished again: bourgeois Italy, clerical and anti-communist wanted to be a cultural colony, politics and economics of the USA, while the communist left would have wanted an Italy satellite of the USSR>.
“Reclamations of the Agro Pontino, of Emilia, of the Lower Po Valley, of Coltano, of the Tuscan Maremma, del Sele, of Sardinia and elimination of the Sicilian latifundia". RDL 3256 of the 20.12.1923.
<In the 1923, only a year after the fascist revolution, Benito Mussolini expands the powers of the ONC (National Fighters Opera) and entrusts it with the technical-administrative task of carrying out the reclamation of the Agro Pontino, which will not be a mere hydraulic rehabilitation of the land, but a real environmental reconstruction, according to Arrigo Serpieri's plan, Undersecretary for reclamation (…). In addition to the size of the reclamation work, which has had no equal in Italy throughout its history, it is worth underlining the revolutionary concept that inspires it and which goes by the name of "Integral reclamation", underlined and reported in the heading of the laws that refer to it>.
The project included a series of interventions ranging from the arrangement and reforestation of the basins to the arrangement of the riverbeds of the watercourses, to crop transformation and industrial uses, always according to a coordinated and harmonious territorial planning. Irrigations arise from the reclaimed soil, roads are built, aqueducts, electrical networks, building works, rural villages and all kinds of infrastructures. Real cities arose "in fascist times" from the Pontine Marshes: Littoria, inaugurated on 8 December 1932; Sabaudia (indicated by foreign technicians as one of the most refined examples of rational urban planning), il 15 April 1934; Pontinia, il 18 December 1935; Aprilia, il 29 October 1938; Pomezia, il 29 October 1939. In the Agro Pontino they were built well 3040 farmhouses, 499 kilometers of roads, 205 kilometers of canals, 15.000 kilometers of drainage ditches. The “Integral reclamation” continued in upper Lazio, in Campania, in Sardinia, in Sicily and so on throughout Italy, but not only in Italy: we cannot forget the great works carried out in Somalia, in Eritrea, in Libya, in Ethiopia. All this, as has been said, “in fascist times” and without any shadow of “democratic bribes or bribes”. The response to these colossal works coming from the men of "rights and freedom" was (and I'm not joking) that the complete reclamation was "ecological damage". Or, as Piero Palumbo wrote (“The Italian Economy between the two wars”, pag. 84: <It hurts (!) remember it: the first ecologists wore the orbace>!!!!.
“National Opera Maternity and Childhood”, RD n° 718 of the 15.4.1926.
<In the new society the care and importance of women and children, implicit in fascist doctrine, assumes the importance of an institution through the foundation of the "Opera Nazionale Maternità e Infanzia". ONMI wants to give and will give concrete support to that fundamental human and social cell that is the family, understood not as a generator of labor force and consumption, as it is in the materialist conception of capitalism and Marxism, but as the cradle and vital nucleus of traditions, of the history and future of the Nation and the State. It is the vital center of the family, for the fascist regime, the mother (…)>.
With this law the State took charge of assistance and help to mothers, paying particular attention to care for working mothers. This law, ahead of its time, Therefore, one of the most prestigious innovations of the fascist regime. “Mother and Child Homes” were established in each province., nursery schools, milk dispensaries: all organizations that came to welcome approximately 2 millions of assisted people. All this was complemented by medical assistance and hygiene propaganda. The "Ente Opera Assistenza" took care of the management of the summer and winter colonies, established to assist especially children from less well-off families. He managed, Furthermore, special schools and colonies for the treatment of those affected by TB", convalescent homes and centers for the treatment of Mediterranean anemia.
“Assistance for illegitimate people, abandoned or exposed", law of 8.5.1927, RDL n° 798.
<With this law the State assumes the responsibility of providing for those unwanted children who were previously without protection and at the mercy of private charity and therefore considered second category people>.
Today, in a “democratic regime”, many children are abandoned to pedophiles and drugs. Women demand sexual freedom and the "right to abortion", sanctioned and even guaranteed by the State. And when the State does not intervene, the poor infant is abandoned like garbage, in a dumpster. On the other hand, as Luciano Violante said, “This is the State of rights and freedom”.
“The Labor Charter”, Publication in the “Official Gazette” n 100 of the 30.4.1927.
<He points out the fundamental relationship between Fascism and the world of work. He declares, establishing them, the basic principles for the protection of workers, as well as pre-eminence, in the Fascist State, of the priority interest that links the objectives of the State to those of work and workers>. The “Labour Charter” intended to bring about a comparison, on a state of equality, according to a project of collaboration and solidarity that would overcome the ruinous materialistic philosophy of class struggle, two traditional social antagonists: capitalism and work. It would be too long to list all the benefits for workers provided for in this revolutionary law. I'll list just a few: mandatory stipulation of collective sector agreements; institution of the Labor Judiciary; right to annual leave; establishment of severance pay; establishment of state employment offices; work accident insurance; maternity insurance; insurance against occupational diseases; unemployment insurance; Health insurance funds, etc.
“Tax exemptions for large families” RDL n° 1312 of the 14.1.1928 e
“Family allowances” RDL n° 1048 of the 17.6.1937.
<In line with the declared importance that Fascism attributed to the family as the fundamental cell of society, it was very important to relieve those families who already had onerous financial commitments due to the large number of members from tax expenses>.
Thanks to these laws, the State granted workers who married within the twenty-fifth year a wedding allowance of 700 lire. Furthermore, if the spouses earned less than 1.000 gross pounds per month, they were granted an interest-free loan of between 1.000 and the 3.000 lire. At the birth of the first child, the loan was automatically reduced by 10%; Like this, gradually, until the birth of the fourth child, the loan was forgiven. The head of the family with numerous offspring (seven children) enjoyed special privileges: Mussolini sent, or delivered personally, 5.000 lire, beyond an insurance policy. A free card valid for all public transport in the city reached the head of the family via the local branch of the Fascist Federation. Other privileges for these large families were: the possibility of taking out loans at very low interest rates, discounts on apartment rental, considerable family allowances. And again: for workers with a child, lire 3,60 the week; lire 4,80 for those with two or three children; 6 lire for those with four children and more.
“Law on compulsory insurance against occupational diseases and law establishing INAIL”, RD. n° 928 of the 13.5.1929 he RD. n°264 of 23.3.1933, “Law establishing the INPS (National Social Security Institute)”, RDL n° 1827 of the 4.10 1935.
<In the context of the restructuring of the world of work and in the relations between workers and the State, these two laws resolve the age-old problem of the negative consequences that accidental situations could cause for those who worked in particular sectors>.
The fascist regime in its "political and social program for the modernization and industrialization of the country", as also noted by James Gregor, could not avoid a global social security policy. The competence of the INPS ranged from disability and old age to unemployment, from motherhood to illnesses. Other insurances covered, practically, all the workers, thus guaranteeing Italy another world record. In the wake of the INPS they arose, always in the 1930s, l'INAM, l'EMPAS, l’INADEL, the ENPDEP, all entities that will then allow it, even if amidst scandals, theft and entrenchment of political power, post-fascist Italy to protect workers.
“Establishment of the Work Booklet”.
<Continuing to perfect the rules to protect workers, to combat phenomena such as illegal work, the illicit exploitation of vulnerable categories such as women and children, abuses of working hours and evasion of work and social security contributions and to ensure that, in general, all laws issued to defend the world of work were respected, the Work Booklet is established>.
“Reduction of working hours to forty hours per week” RD. n°1768 of 29.5.1937.
<As soon as the general conditions of the Italian economy and industry allow it, Fascism continues the march undertaken since 1923 towards the global reform of the world of work, investing part of the economic advantage in the further reduction of working hours and underlining the principle that work and profit must be tools and not ends of society>.
This law (then better known as “fascist Saturday) was already foreseen in the fascist program of 1919 and fits naturally into the objective of forging the "State of Work" in which the figure of the worker is increasingly transformed from a wage earner into a protagonist and participant in the company.
“Law establishing the ECA (Municipal Assistance Agency). RDL n° 847 of the 19.6.1937.
<It is established, in every municipality of the Kingdom, the “Municipal Assistance Body”, with the aim of assisting individuals and families in need and of controlling and coordinating all other existing associations that have a similar purpose>.
“Apulian Aqueduct, of Monferrato, of Perugino, of Nisseno and Velletrano".
What was said for the Apulian Aqueduct applies to everyone, remembering that this is the largest aqueduct in the world: <The first projects date back to 1904, when the Ente Autonomo Aquedotti Pugliesi entrusted its execution to the Ligurian company of Senator Mambrini. The work should have been completed in 1920, but in 1919 solo 56 Municipalities on 260 they had had water, while the works undertaken were often abandoned, incomplete and wasting away. In the 1923, under the Mussolini government, the organization was placed under special administration and passed into extraordinary management; suddenly the work was accelerated, all the difficulties that had blocked them until then were overcome and they were completed in 1939>.
“National Opera Dopolavoro”
Almost in parallel to what the GIL was for young people, the OND was born for workers. This body has the task of bringing culture and entertainment to the working class, who in the past had been forced to live an exclusively work life, of sacrifices and ignorance>.
The structures of the Opera reached, in just under a decade, a unique level in the world. Some significant figures: 1227 theater, 771 cinema, 40 cine-mobiles, 6427 libraries, 994 dance and singing schools, a hydrothermal plant, 11.159 sports sections at amateur level with 1.400.000 registered, 2700 amateur dramatics with 32.000 registered, 3787 musical bands and 2130 orchestras with 130 thousand musicians, 10 thousand cultural associations. With the advent of the "40 hour working week" workers and their families can travel on the so-called "popular trains", the cost of the ticket is reduced by 70%. Once the war is over, the structures of the OND will merge into the communist "Case del Popolo" and the PCI will adopt the inspiring principles of the OND by passing them on (slyly) as their own initiatives.
For Mr. Filippi, obviously the legality guaranteed by the fascist monarchic government corresponds to a hoax. He asserts: “We know, however, that corruption was rampant at all levels”.
Obviously no social aggregation is free from corruption, but Mussolini, who was not naive, knew this well and did not stand by and watch.
The Grand Council the 6 January of 1927, blocked membership in the fascist party due to dishonest and violent elements. <<there are residues that must disappear. I'm talking about the squadrism that in 1927 it's simply anachronistic, sforadico, but which nevertheless reappears in moments of public excitement. Thus illegalism must end. Not just the one that explodes in small local bullying, which also damage the regime and sow useless seeds, not that dangerous grudges, but also the other, which is launched after serious events. Similar to the control action, the fascist prefect must proceed with the purges that become necessary in the minor bureaucracy and indicate to the party the harmful elements. The fascist prefect must order that all businessmen be removed and banned from any organization or force of the regime, the profiteers, the exhibitionists, smoke sellers, I am small, i vanesi, the sowers of gossip and discord, and all those who live without clear and public activity>> -Benito Mussolini circular to the prefects of 6 January 1927, “the people of Italy”, 6 January 1927 in Opera Omnia, XXII,p.467
Dal 30 October 1932 onwards again welcomed and examined with great care, the applications for admission to the fascist party which in any case, he never counted on the support of all Italian workers. Between the 1941 – 1942 they are members of the fascist party 4.017.640 in front of 20 millions of employed Italian workers, it is clear that the choice could not fall only on those who belonged to the fascist party.
“The only serious attempt to fight the mafia was that of prefect Mori, during Fascism, while later, the State has belittled, underestimated or simply colluded. We challenge the anti-fascists to deny that the mafia returned triumphant to Sicily and Italy following the "Allies" and the anti-fascists, as a reward for the concrete help it provided for the landing and conquest of the island!” – Giovanni Falcone; the martyr magistrate talks about the language and signs used by the mafiosi, of the rites to access the organization, which coincidentally, they are the same ones used in Freemasonry. Indeed, few know it, but all the mafia leaders, they must be Freemasons. Needless to say, the fascist monarchic government outlawed Freemasonry.
Communism came to power the nations without any election, with violence, oppression and targeted and mass murders, the fascist party came to government with regular elections, parliamentary elections which continued throughout the fascist period. In the 1928 the law that replaced it was passed, in the composition of the Chamber of Deputies, men belonging to political parties with those who came from the world of work. The national confederations made the selection, with regular votes, eight hundred producers, while others 200 they came, with an identical system, chosen by numerous other bodies, for a total of 1000. These names were sent to the Grand Council of fascism which identified them 400 and made a list to be submitted to the voters for approval: if this was accepted, those producers would become members of the Chamber of Deputies. This occurred both in the electoral round of 1929 than for that of 1934. In the 1939, finally the Chamber of Deputies was replaced by the Chamber of Fasci and Corporations which was formed by 664 Advisors, of which 500 coming from the Corporations and 164 from the fascist party.
The Senate Chamber was made up of senators elected exclusively by the King.
Before the fascist monarchic government, the elections can easily be defined as a farce, Indeed
In the 1861 had the right to vote 2% of the population, law n.3778 of 1859; In the 1882 law number 999, gives the right to vote to 6,9% of Italians; In the 1912 law n.666 gives the right to vote to 9,4% of Italians; In the 1919 law no. 1495 gives the right to vote to 34% of Italians.
Regarding the alleged racism of the fascist government, the facts speak. Il 14 October in 1935 Slavery is abolished in the lands of the African empire signed by De Bono. Slavery that existed in all the colonies of liberal-democratic countries. Before arguing - briefly- on the racial laws of 1938 I report the thoughts of Degasperi. Some articles published in the newspaper in his youth “Trentino” show closeness to the positions of Karl Lueger (the mayor of Vienna, Christian-social and anti – Jew). For example, it reads: «We are not against the Jews because they are of another religion and of another race but we must oppose them with their money putting the yoke of slaves on the Christians» (1906). Thirty years later, in the column on’ “Vatican illustration”, mancano invece parole di condanna contro l’esproprio dei beni degli ebrei austriaci.
Fascist theories regarding race are also discussed but welcomed. In writing 1 (a), Degasperi records the improvement in Austria's economic conditions following the expropriation of Jewish property. The text says that «The liquidation of Jewish fortunes broadens business prospects for others and the vacant positions of lawyers and doctors open up an outlet for careers». The column is from July 1938. In writing 2(second) (August 1938), which shortly precedes the enactment of the racial laws, Degasperi tries to detach fascist theories from Nazism. And he proposes to refer to the universalist element of fascism which «can feed on the living traditions of Christian Rome». Degasperi hopes that «Italian racism will be implemented in concrete measures to defend and enhance the nation». In writing 3(third) dated March 1938, Degasperi retraces the cultural and political parable of the Austrian Christian Social Party, led by Karl Lueger. Degasperi captures the positive aspects, minimizing its anti-Semitism (era “solo” a "necessary policy of economic defense"). The fourth document, dated May 1938, comments on the Hungarian government's measures to stem anti-Semitism. However, Degasperi points out how Jews are preponderant in key roles in the economy. It is therefore understandable that Jews "can only practice a profession up to a certain percentage". The last extract, dated May 1938, reports a statement from Orthodox Jews who want to distinguish themselves from "Jews included in communism". And here we get a different note: «This tendency of Orthodox Jews to separate their own responsibility from that of the Jews included in communism is characteristic of the moment we live in». It sounds like a harsh judgment on the present that forces Jews to fight internally to escape persecution.
The racial laws of 1938 they must be contextualized to the period and not judged - the historian says, does not judge- though no less the racial laws, they discriminated and did not persecute, on the other hand, the articles that followed the first of the racial law, in essence they undermined the apparent intent of the law itself, an aspect that had not escaped her notice, to such an extent that Giovanni Preziosi wrote in "la vita italiana" in September of 1941:<< our racial laws were -behind the scenes- prepared by the Jews>>; Preziosi again maliciously even advanced the hypothesis that Mussolini's good will towards the Jews was justified by the Duce's Jewish origins. Precious when leafing through old papers from the Venetian environment of the 18th century, he met a certain Giovanbattista Menuzzi who reported a certain “Maisè Mussolin” to the inquisitors, Jew". During the Eichmann trial, public prosecutor Ghidean Hausner had the unfortunate idea of ​​mentioning <<to the passive attitude of Italians in the face of racial measures>>. For a spontaneous outburst of gratitude, the following day hundreds of Israelites showed up to be heard as witnesses. It was impossible to listen to them all; only about sixty were able to testify and these, before the Judges they stated that at least 60 thousand French Jews, Croatians, Poles, Greeks, Hungarians, tedeschi, they owed their lives to the Italians.
The racial laws were in fact a measure that gave the possibility of protecting the Jews, that even after 1938 they fled to Italy, rejected by America, England, France, Swiss. There were several ships carrying fleeing Jews who were denied docking in English and American ports. Until September 8th 1943 no Jews left Italy, something that did not happen with the Badoglio government. In the areas under Italian control all Italian and non-Italian Jews, they were protected.
As for racism understood as the supremacy of men over others, in the United States of America until the sixties there were elections that regulated "Whites and Blacks". Malcom X, Martin Luther King what they fought for? Americans were interned in concentration camps during the World War II, Americans of ethnic Japanese origin. The English were no less than the Americans, Gandhi is an exhaustive summary of English racism. Until the 1930s, the French set up permanent human zoos - the most famous one in Paris- with black men (the same goes for Belgium). France practiced slavery in its African colonies as witnessed by Thomas Sankara. And even today the exploitation continues with the currency/franc imposed in 14 ex (only data) French colonies. In the Soviet Union, deportations of Jews were the norm, as told by Francois Fajto. The Soviets also exterminated the Russians of Italian origin, the community of the beautiful country of Kerch (Crimea) decimated due to deportations to Kazakhstan.
18 July 2018: Israel is officially it “State of the Jewish people”. The law approved today by the Knesset says so.
In conclusion the "historian of Valsugana", borrows the thoughts of Karl Popper: <democracy cannot be so democratic as to accept anti-democratic ideas>, which says a lot, as it is the same thought expressed on several occasions by Mario Monti. Regarding democracy, it would be better to take the pillars of philosophy as a reference, Socrates, Plato, Aristotle!
When you argue against fascism, have the courage to reveal your true meaning, that is, showing contempt towards companies, the civilizations to which the Duce referred: Greece and Rome.
The fascist monarchic government built an imaginary bridge to support and give continuity to the historical experiences of the past closely linked to a traditional world vision, Middle Ages, Romanity, with the intention of overcoming the river of the eras of revolutions, period that gave rise to bloody modern forms of government, namely socialism/communism/anarchy and capitalism.
Fascism turned its gaze to the concept of duel with a noble attitude, virile, right as handed down by the hoplite references of the Indo-European past and by medieval chivalry. << Originally as we see in the Homeric poems, the aristocratic man is dedicated primarily to military activity: it is war that brings out the physical and moral qualities that every "well-born" man must possess, it is the war that truly exalts and justifies the superiority of the aristocrats over the rest of the community (Greek history, pag. 153 – M. Bettalli, A. D'Agata, A.Magnetto – Carocci publisher) >>; <<Song of Roland: The values ​​that characterize the Chanson de Roland are: loyalty to one's lord, the Christian faith, the honor, to be protected at all costs and by all means; heroism in battle. To the celebration of military virtues in the dimension of Christian martyrdom - the knight who dies in battle is equated with the saint who renounces his life for the faith>>.
What is repeatedly written is valid: any comparison between these Masonic regimes and the previous one would be untenable; this is the real reason why the term “Fascism” was coined: absolute evil” and the many Dr. Filippi were born.
SOURCE: http://www.emiliogiuliana.com/2-uncategorised/50-preferisco-le-bufale-agli-asini.html